While large efforts have been devoted to improving the quality of here electron beams from laser plasma accelerators, often to the detriment of the charge, many applications do not require very high quality but high-charge beams.Despite this need, the acceleration of largely charged beams has been barely studied.Here we explore both experimentally
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Salmon lice from fish farms in open net pens pose a threat to the survival of wild salmon post-smolts migrating through areas with high farm and lice densities.Reliable estimation of this mortality is fundamental for the sustainable management of aquaculture in such areas but is challenged by considerable uncertainty about several of the processes
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